'Plunk Test'
Take a loaded round.
Remove barrel from pistol
Drop round into barrel from breech end
If it 'plunks', i.e. fully chambers without assistance, and you can freely turn it in the chamber, it passes the 'plunk test'.
If it doesn't fully chamber, or needs assistance to do so, it fails. Normally this is because the case has a bulge, or the OAL of the round is too long. Occasionally the bullet itself is out of spec, but this is unlikely.