What I've found through roll sizing is that the brass shortens due to the base expanding (just above the extractor groove). Typical 9mm cases generally are in the sub 0.740 inch length range post firing. When you full length resize them they may grow back a little to sub ~0.745 inch or so. When you roll size them, they grow back to ~0.750 inch. Conservation of mass rings true, if you stretch the base the brass has to come from somewhere.
The folks at Rollsizer.com don't recommend using a undersize die along with rollsized brass. I think you could potentially run into cases that are too long. I haven't yet but it's possible.
Pistol cases don't stretch rearward when fired like a bottle neck rifle cartridge. They just fill the chamber radially and hence they shorten over time depending on how sloppy the chamber is that is firing them.
Cheers,
Toby